LA IMPORTANCIA DE LA EDUCACIÓN FÍSICA EN EL DESARROLLO INTEGRAL DEL ESTUDIANTE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/bocav25n78-026Palabras clave:
Educación Física Escolar, Formación Integral, Prácticas Corporales, Salud, CiudadaníaResumen
Este artículo analiza la importancia de la Educación Física en la formación integral del estudiante, considerando sus contribuciones al desarrollo motor, cognitivo, socioemocional, cultural y cívico en el contexto escolar. El estudio se desarrolló mediante una revisión bibliográfica cualitativa y descriptiva, apoyada en documentos legales, directrices curriculares, datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud Escolar y estudios recientes sobre actividad física, aprendizaje, salud y bienestar. El análisis destaca que la Educación Física no se reduce a la práctica deportiva o al gasto energético, ya que trabaja con prácticas corporales que expresan cultura, identidad, cooperación, respeto a las diferencias, autonomía y autocuidado. Los datos analizados muestran que la baja proporción de adolescentes suficientemente activos refuerza la necesidad de clases planificadas e inclusivas, articuladas con el proyecto pedagógico. Se concluye que la Educación Física, cuando se guía por una intencionalidad educativa, favorece la formación integral al integrar cuerpo, mente, convivencia y ciudadanía.
Referencias
BRASIL. Ministério da Educação Base Nacional Comum Curricular. Brasília, DF: MEC, 2018. Disponível em: https://basenacionalcomum.mec.gov.br/. Acesso em: 24 abr. 2026.
BRASIL.Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988. Brasília, DF: Presidência da República, 1988. Disponível em:https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/constituicao/constituicao.htm. Acesso em: 24 abr. 2026.
BRASIL.Lei nº 14.819, de 16 de janeiro de 2024. Institui a Política Nacional de Atenção Psicossocial nas Comunidades Escolares. Brasília, DF: Presidência da República, 2024. Disponível em: https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2023-2026/2024/lei/l14819.htm. Acesso em: 24 abr. 2026.
BRASIL.Lei nº 8.069, de 13 de julho de 1990. Dispõe sobre o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente. Brasília, DF: Presidência da República, 1990. Disponível em:https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/l8069.htm. Acesso em: 24 abr. 2026.
BRASIL.Lei nº 9.394, de 20 de dezembro de 1996. Estabelece as diretrizes e bases da educação nacional. Brasília, DF: Presidência da República, 1996. Disponível em:https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/l9394.htm. Acesso em: 24 abr. 2026.
FU, S. et al. The effects of physical activity on social-emotional competencies in primary school students: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC Public Health, London, 2025. Disponível em:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12659682/. Acesso em: 24 abr. 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1657165
GUO, L. et al. Are school-based behavioural interventions an effective way to improve physical activity among children and adolescents? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Pediatrics, Lausanne, v. 13, 2025. DOI: 10.3389/fped.2025.1532035. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2025.1532035
HE, H. et al. Effects of school-based physical activity on academic achievement in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in Public Health, Lausanne, v. 13, 2025. DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1651883. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1651883
IBGE.Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar: 2019. Rio de Janeiro: IBGE, 2021.
KNAUS, M. C.; LECHNER, M.; REIMERS, A. K. For better or worse? The effects of physical education on child development.Labour Economics, Amsterdam, v. 67, 101904, 2020. DOI: 10.1016/j.labeco.2020.101904. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2020.101904
LEAHY, A. A. et al. School physical activity interventions for children and adolescents with disability: systematic review and meta-analysis of effects on academic, cognitive, and mental health outcomes.Journal of Physical Activity and Health, Champaign, v. 22, n. 9, p. 1064-1078, 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2025-0052
MASINI, A. et al. The impact of school-based physical activity interventions on physical fitness, cognition and wellbeing in children and adolescents: a systematic review.International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Basel, 2022.
MUNTANER-MAS, A. et al. Acute effect of physical activity on academic outcomes in school-aged youth: a systematic review and multivariate meta-analysis. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, Copenhagen, v. 34, n. 1, e14479, 2024. DOI: 10.1111/sms.14479. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.14479
ROCLIFFE, P. et al. The impact of typical school provision of physical education, physical activity and sports on adolescent physical activity behaviors: a systematic literature review. Adolescent Research Review, New York, v. 8, p. 359-385, 2023. DOI: 10.1007/s40894-022-00200-w. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40894-022-00200-w
ROCLIFFE, P. et al. The impact of typical school provision of physical education, physical activity and sports on adolescent mental health and well-being: a systematic literature review. Adolescent Research Review, New York, v. 9, n. 2, p. 339-364, 2024. DOI: 10.1007/s40894-023-00220-0. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40894-023-00220-0
SILVA, D. A. S. et al. Results from Brazil's 2022 report card on physical activity for children and adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Basel, v. 19, n. 16, 10256, 2022. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610256. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191610152
UNESCO.Quality physical education policies and practice: the global state of play. Paris: UNESCO, 2023.
UNESCO.Quality physical education policy project: analysis of process, content and impact. Paris: UNESCO, 2021.
VISKARI, T. et al. The effectiveness of school-based physical activity promotion on mental health among children and adolescents: a systematic review. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, Copenhagen, 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.70150
WHO.Promoting physical activity through schools: policy brief. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2022.
WHO.WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2020. Disponível em:https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240015128. Acesso em: 24 abr. 2026.
WORLD BANK. The state of global learning poverty: 2022 update. Washington, DC: World Bank, 2022.
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Copyright (c). Boletim de Coyuntura (BOCA)
Este obra está bajo una licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0 Internacional.
