ANALYSIS OF DIETARY CONSUMPTION IN STRICT VEGETARIANS AND OVO-LACTO VEGETARIANS: NUTRITIONAL IMPLICATIONS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/bocav25n76-006Keywords:
Food Consumption, Vegetarian Diet, Vegetarianism, VeganismAbstract
An individual is considered vegetarian if they do not consume any type of meat, as well as its derivatives, which may or may not include dairy products and eggs. In 2018, 14% of the Brazilian population declared themselves vegetarian, totaling approximately 29 million people. However, a 2024 Datafolha survey showed that 7% of the population identified as vegan, meaning they completely exclude products of animal origin. This study aims to describe and analyze the food consumption of strict vegetarians and ovo-lacto vegetarians, focusing on nutritional implications. This is an original article. It is a cross-sectional, descriptive, and quantitative study with adolescents and adults adhering to strict vegetarian or ovo-lacto vegetarian diets. Two food consumption questionnaires were applied, one for ovo-lacto vegetarians and another for strict vegetarians, regarding the number of portions consumed from different food groups based on the Dietary Guidelines – How to have a healthy diet. The sample consisted of 124 individuals. Insufficient consumption of milk (16.9% and 13.2%), oilseeds (35.2% and 26.4%), and vegetables (21.1% and 26.4%) was identified in both groups, while adequate consumption of legumes (63.4% and 84.9%) was observed, and excessive consumption of oils and fats (35.2% and 35.8%). The ovo-lacto vegetarian group showed insufficient consumption of complex carbohydrates (25.4%) and adequate consumption of fruits (40.8%). On the other hand, strict vegetarians showed insufficient consumption of fruits (3.8%) and high consumption of complex carbohydrates (11.3%). It is concluded that there is an inadequacy in the consumption of some food groups by individuals in both groups. Given the complexity of food choices in the vegetarian context, it is necessary to highlight the need for future research that explores in more depth the nutritional and health implications of this growing group.
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