CHALLENGES OF USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15313087Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence, Ethics, Governance, Human Resource, ManagementAbstract
The application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Human Resource Management (HR) can improve organizational efficiency, productivity, and decision making. The integration of AI into HR processes faces challenges and raises ethical issues. This study aims to identify the challenges of adopting AI in HR Management. A systematic literature review was carried out using the PRISMA protocol, covering 2019 to 2025, in the Scopus and Web of Science databases. The metadata of the publications were analyzed in Bibliometrix and the textual corpus in Iramuteq. From a quantitative point of view, the literature was mapped, the 10 most recent and most reported articles were selected, read and detailed in full. The results of the qualitative analyses highlighted five classes of content: 1. Autonomy and Algorithmic Control; 2. Privacy, Bias and Ethics in AI; 3. Organizational Strategies and AI; 4. Challenges and Barriers in AI Adoption; 5. Research and Explainable Models in AI. The results converge to identify the main challenges: lack of transparency, low trust in systems and the need to maintain human centrality. The literature suggests technical, political and organizational interventions, highlighting the training of professionals, internal policies and ethics. A gap was identified in empirical studies in organizations, exploring the real experiences of managers and employees with this technology.
References
ANDRIEUX, P. et al. "Ethical considerations of generative AI-enabled human resource management". Organizational Dynamics, vol. 53, n. 1, 2024.
ARSLAN, A. et al. "Artificial intelligence and human workers interaction at team level: a conceptual assessment of the challenges and potential HRM strategies". International Journal of Manpower, vol. 43, n. 1, 2022.
ASPERS, P.; CORTE, U. "What is Qualitative in Qualitative Research". Qualitative Sociology, vol. 42, 2019.
BANKINS, S. et al. "AI decision making with dignity? Contrasting workers’ justice perceptions of human and AI decision making in a human resource management context". Information Systems Frontiers, vol. 24, n. 3, 2022.
BARTOSIAK, M. L.; MODLINSKI, A. "Fired by an algorithm? Exploration of conformism with biased intelligent decision support systems in the context of workplace discipline". Career Development International, vol. 27, n. 6, 2022.
BUDHWAR, P. et al. "Human resource management in the age of generative artificial intelligence: Perspectives and research directions on ChatGPT". Human Resource Management Journal, vol. 33, n. 3, 2023.
CAMARGO, B. V.; JUSTO, A. M. "IRAMUTEQ: um software gratuito para análise de dados textuais". Temas em Psicologia, vol. 21, n. 2, 2013.
CHARLWOOD, A.; GUENOLE, N. "Can HR adapt to the paradoxes of artificial intelligence?". Human Resource Management Journal, vol. 32, n. 4, 2022.
CHOWDHURY, S.; DEY, P. et al. "Unlocking the value of artificial intelligence in human resource management through AI capability framework". Human Resource Management Review, vol. 33, n. 1, 2023.
DEL GIUDICE, M. et al. "Toward the human – Centered approach. A revised model of individual acceptance of AI". Human Resource Management Review, vol. 33, n. 1, 2023.
FENWICK, A.; MOLNAR, G.; FRANGOS, P. "Revisiting the role of HR in the age of AI: Bringing humans and machines closer together in the workplace". Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence, vol. 6, 2024.
FENWICK, A.; MOLNAR, G.; FRANGOS, P. "The critical role of HRM in AI-driven digital transformation: A paradigm shift to enable firms to move from AI implementation to human-centric adoption". Discover Artificial Intelligence, vol. 4, n. 1, 2024.
FERNÁNDEZ-ALLER, C.; PÉREZ, M. M. S. "¿Es posible una Inteligencia artificial respetuosa con la protección de datos? " DOXA - Cuadernos de Filosofía del Derecho, n. 45, 2022.
GAL, U.; JENSEN, T. B.; STEIN, M.-K. "Breaking the vicious cycle of algorithmic management: a virtue ethics approach to people analytics". Information And Organization, vol. 30, n. 2, 2020.
GIERMINDL, L. M. et al. "The dark sides of people analytics: Reviewing the perils for organizations and employees". European Journal of Information Systems, vol. 31, n. 3, 2021.
GOMES, C. F. C.; GOMES, T.; DOLIVEIRA, S. L. D. “Transformação digital na Justiça Militar: desafios e oportunidades da inteligência artificial”. Boletim de Conjuntura (BOCA), vol. 17, n. 51, 2024.
HAMILTON, R. H.; DAVISON, H. K. "Legal and ethical challenges for HR in machine learning". Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, vol. 34, n. 1, 2022.
HUNKENSCHROER, A. L.; LUETGE, C. "Ethics of AI-enabled recruiting and selection: A review and research agenda". Journal of Business Ethics, vol. 178, n. 4, 2022.
JARRAHI, M. H. et al. "Algorithmic management in a work context". Big Data and Society, vol. 8, n. 2, 2021.
KÖCHLING, A.; WEHNER, M. C. "Discriminated by an algorithm: A systematic review of discrimination and fairness by algorithmic decision-making in the context of HR recruitment and HR development". Business Research, vol. 13, n. 3, 2020.
LANGER, M.; KÖNIG, C. J. "Introducing a multi-stakeholder perspective on opacity, transparency, and strategies to reduce opacity in algorithm-based human resource management". Human Resource Management Review, vol. 33, n. 1, 2023.
LINNENLUECKE, M. K.; MARRONE, M.; SINGH, A. K. "Conducting systematic literature reviews and bibliometric analyses". Australian Journal of Management, vol. 45, n. 2, 2020.
MAJUMDER, S.; MONDAL, A. "Are chatbots really useful for human resource management?" International Journal of Speech Technology, vol. 24, n. 4, 2021.
MEIJERINK, J. et al. "Algorithmic human resource management: Synthesizing developments and cross-disciplinary insights on digital HRM". The International Journal of Human Resource Management, vol. 32, n. 12, 2021.
MEIJERINK, J.; BONDAROUK, T. "The duality of algorithmic management: toward a research agenda on hrm algorithms, autonomy and value creation". Human Resource Management Review, vol. 33, n. 1, 2023.
MURUGESAN, U. et al. "A study of artificial intelligence impacts on human resource digitalization in Industry 4.0". Decision Analytics Journal, vol. 7, 2023.
ORAVEC, J. A. "The emergence of 'truth machines'? Artificial intelligence approaches to lie detection". Ethics and Information Technology, vol. 24, n. 6, 2022.
OUZZANI, M. et al. "Rayyan—a web and mobile app for systematic reviews". Systematic Reviews, vol. 5, n. 1, 2016.
PAGE, M. J. et al. "The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews". The BMJ, vol. 372, n. 71, 2021.
PEREIRA, V. et al. "A systematic literature review on the impact of artificial intelligence on workplace outcomes: a multi-process perspective". Human Resource Management Review, vol. 33, n. 1, 2023.
PERO, A. S.; WYCKOFF, P. "Using artificial intelligence in the workplace". OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers, vol. 273, 2022.
PRIKSHAT, V. et al. "A multi-stakeholder ethical framework for AI-augmented HRM". International Journal of Manpower, vol. 43, n. 1, 2022.
PRIKSHAT, V.; MALIK, A.; BUDHWAR, P. "AI-augmented HRM: antecedents, assimilation and multilevel consequences". Human Resource Management Review, vol. 33, n. 1, 2021.
RODGERS, W. et al. "An artificial intelligence algorithmic approach to ethical decision-making in human resource management processes". Human Resource Management Review, vol. 33, n. 1, 2023.
SIDDAWAY, A. P.; WOOD, A. M.; HEDGES, L. V. "How to do a systematic review: A best practice guide for conducting and reporting narrative reviews, meta-analyses, and meta-syntheses". Annual Review of Psychology, vol. 70, n. 1, 2019.
SINGH, A.; PANDEY, J. "Artificial intelligence adoption in extended HR ecosystems: Enablers and barriers. An abductive case research". Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 14, 2024.
SINGH, V. K. et al. "The journal coverage of Web of Science, Scopus and Dimensions: A comparative analysis". Scientometrics, vol. 126, 2021.
TAMBE, P.; CAPPELLI, P.; YAKUBOVICH, V. "Artificial intelligence in human resources management: Challenges and a path forward". California Management Review, vol. 61, n. 4, 2019.
TURSUNBAYEVA, A. et al. "The ethics of people analytics: risks, opportunities and recommendations". Personnel Review, vol. 51, n. 3, 2022.
VARMA, A.; DAWKINS, C.; CHAUDHURI, K. "Artificial intelligence and people management: A critical assessment through the ethical lens". Human Resource Management Review, vol. 33, n. 1, 2023.
VENUGOPAL, M. et al. "Transformative AI in human resource management: Enhancing workforce planning with topic modeling". Cogent Business and Management, vol. 11, n. 1, 2024.
VRONTIS, D. et al. "Artificial intelligence, robotics, advanced technologies and human resource management: A systematic review". The International Journal of Human Resource Management, vol. 33, n. 6, 2021.
WANG, J.; PASHMFOROOSH, R. "A new framework for ethical artificial intelligence: Keeping HRD in the loop". Human Resource Development International, vol. 27, n. 3, 2024.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Daniela Gomes Appolinário, Helga Cristina Hedler, Edilson Ferneda
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c). Conjuncture Bulletin (BOCA)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
